Heart Transplant

Heart transplantation or cardiac transplantation, is a surgical transplant procedure performed onheart transplant patients with any of the following conditions.

Cardiomyopathy (disease of the heart muscle)
Coronary artery disease
Heart valve disease with congestive heart failure
Severe heart disease present at birth
Life-threatening abnormal heart beats that do not respond to other therapy

The most common procedure is to take a working heart from a recently deceased organ donor (allograft) and implant it into the patient. The patient's own heart may either be removed (Orthotopic procedure) or, less commonly, left in to support the donor heart (Heterotopic procedure). During a heart transplant, a mechanical pump circulates blood through the body while the surgeon removes the diseased heart and replaces it with a healthy heart.

Depending on the condition of the patient and the donor heart either an Orthotopic or a Heterotopic procedure is followed.

BRIEF ABOUT THE PROCEDURE

Orthotopic procedure

In the Orthotopic procedure the surgeons performing dissect the vessels and the patient is attached to cardiopulmonary bypass. The failing heart is removed by transecting the great vessels and a portion of the left atrium keeping the left atrium containing the pulmonary veins in place. The donor heart is positioned and trimmed suitably and the vessels are sutured back in place. The new heart is restarted and the patient is weaned from cardiopulmonary bypass and the chest cavity is closed.

Heterotopic procedure

In the Heterotopic procedure, the new heart is positioned so that the chambers and blood vessels of both hearts can be connected to form what is effectively a "double heart". This is advantageous when chances of rejection of the donor heart is high where the donor heart is not strong enough to function by itself (due to either the patients body being considerably larger than the donor's, the donor having a weak heart, or the patient suffering from pulmonary hypertension). The original heart can recover, and if the donor's heart happens to fail (eg. through rejection), it may be removed, allowing the patients original heart to start working again. Heterotopic procedures are only used in very rare cases. Hospital stay of would typically be for about 8 days.

The other major cardiac procedures are:

HOSPITALS FOR HEART TRANSPLANTATION

Few popular hospitals for Heart Transplantation are:

DESTINATIONS FOR HEART TRANSPLANTATION

Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Turkey and India are the most cost effective locations that offer up to almost 80% savings in comparison to the US.

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