Lung transplant is a possible option for those who have severe lung problems that are caused by cystic fibrosis. This involves removal of the diseased lungs and replacing them with healthy lungs from a recently deceased donor.
Living-donor lobar lung transplant is in certain cases performed while a person is waiting for a full lung transplant. In this procedure, the lower lobe of one lung in each of two living donors is transplanted into the person who has the diseased lung. Because this complicated transplant involves two living donors, it is performed less often than other kinds of lung transplants.
The patient is put on a ventilator after the transplant surgery which takes over the breathing process. The patient is on ventilator support for a minimum of 2 days post operative. Typical hospital stay is for 2 to 3 weeks after the transplant.
Causes
Those who have a Lung damage caused by cystic fibrosis may get a lung transplant. The risks are greater than the benefits, so people who have mild or moderate disease do not usually get a transplant. Certain test like Lung Function Tests, blood gas tests (arterial) and exercise capacity can help determine lung performance.
A detailed comprehensive evaluation to find out how severe the lung disease is, whether you have any other diseases, and whether you are able to follow a complex pre-transplant and follow-up regimen is required before one qualifies for lung transplant.
On an average about 70 out of 100 people who receive a lung transplant survive at least 1 year after the procedure. And about 48 out of 100 survive at least 5 years.
People with cystic fibrosis have the same survival rate after a lung transplant as people who have lung transplants for other health problems.
Lung transplant is used only for people who have very severe cystic fibrosis. For people who have mild or moderate cystic fibrosis, the risks are greater than the benefits.
While the patient is under general anesthesia, the surgeon makes an incision in the chest. If it is a single lung transplant, the incision is made on the right or left side, depending on which lung is being replaced. A double (bilateral) transplant requires an incision across the chest beneath the breast area.
The donor organ, which has been chilled to preserve it until transplantation, must be transplanted within six hours after being removed from the donor. As soon as the new lung(s) arrives in the operating room, the recipient's lung is immediately removed and the donor organ is placed in the chest cavity. When it is a double transplant, the organ with the poorest function is removed first and replaced.
Once the new organ is in place, the surgeon connects the pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein and the main airway (bronchus) of the donor organ to the patient's vessels and airway. Drainage tubes are inserted to drain air, fluid, and blood out of the chest for several days to allow the lungs to fully re-expand.
The surgery can take anywhere from four to eight hours, depending on whether it is a single or double lung transplantation and complications.
The main risks of lung transplant are problems during the surgery and rejection of the donated organs. Infection and rejection of transplanted organs have similar symptoms, including fever, tiredness and difficulty breathing.
After a lung transplant, preventive antibiotic therapy starts right away. Immunosuppressant medicines are also given, usually for the rest of your life. Although immunosuppressant medicines raise the chances that your body will accept the new lungs, they also make it harder for your body to fight off infection.
The other major Cardiac procedures are:
Few Major Hospitals for Lung Transplantation are:
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