Parotidectomy
The parotid gland is the largest of the salivary glands that produce saliva that is important in the parotidectomydigestion of food. The gland lies under the angle of the jaw just beneath the ear. Surgery of the parotid gland may become necessary in the presence of infection and tumor.
The parotid gland is shaped like an upside-down triangle and lies in front and below the opening to the ear canal. In front of the gland is the posterior surface of the jawbone and the Masseter muscle (the muscle felt on the side of the jaw when the teeth are clenched). The deep surface of the gland lies alongside the back of the throat, near the tonsils. Normally, the parotid gland cannot be felt
The facial nerve divides the gland into a superficial and deep lobe and it supplies all of the muscles that move the face. It arises in the skull and then exits through a small opening behind the parotid gland. It then enters the parotid, runs through it and divides to supply the muscles of the face
The parotid gland helps in the secretion of saliva, which is necessary for the proper digestion of food. Saliva drains through a small duct from the front of the parotid gland and empties into the mouth near the upper second molar tooth.
Causes
Parotidectomy is done for tumors of the parotid gland and occasionally for recurrent infections of the gland. For benign and low grade malignant tumors (acinic cell or low-grade mucoepidermoid cancers), surgery is usually curative without any need for additional therapy. For other malignant tumors, surgery is usually followed by radiation therapy. Occasionally, benign or low-grade malignant tumors that have recurred are treated with completion parotidectomy and radiation therapy.
During surgery, the superficial lobe and the deep lobe areas of the parotid gland are identified. Superficial parotidectomy removes just the superficial lobe, while total parotidectomy removes both lobes.
The patient placed under general anesthesia. An incision is made directly to the front or back of the ear and down the jaw line. The skin is folded back to expose the parotid gland. The various facial nerves are identified and protected during the surgery so as to avoid permanent facial paralysis or numbness.parotidectomy A superficial or total parotidectomy is then performed, depending on the type and location of the tumor. If the tumor has spread to involve the facial Superficial parotidectomy takes 3-4 hours to complete. Total parotidectomy may take 5 hours to complete. The incision is usually closed with nylon sutures that are removed 4-6 days after surgery. A drain is also placed which exits the wound behind the ear. This is removed in clinic 2-4 days after surgery.
The other general procedures are:
Few Major Hospitals for Parotidectomy are:
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