Vulvar Cancer is a rare disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the vulva but most often affects the labia majora (outer vaginal lips) or labia minora.

Vulvar cancer forms in a woman's external genitalia. The vulva includes the inner and outer lips of the vagina, the clitoris (sensitive tissue between the lips), and the opening of the vagina and its glands.

Vulvar cancer usually develops slowly over a period of years. Abnormal cells can grow on the surface of the vulvar skin for a long time. This precancerous condition is called vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) or dysplasia. Because it is possible for VIN or dysplasia to develop into vulvar cancer, treatment of this condition is very important.

HPV infection and older age can affect the risk of developing vulvar cancer.

Causes

• Age
• Chronic vulvar inflammation
• Infection with the Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
• Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
• Lichen sclerosus - can cause the vulval skin to become very itchy and may slightly increase the possibility of vulvar cancer
• Melanoma or atypical moles on non-vulvar skin - a family history of melanoma and dysplastic nevi anywhere on the body may increase the risk of vulvar cancer
• Low socioeconomic status
• Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (vin) - there is an increased risk for vulvar cancer in women with vin, although most cases do not progress to cancer
• Other genital cancers
• Smoking

• Surgery, including
• Laser surgery - use of a powerful beam of light, which can be directed to specific parts of the body without making a large incision, to destroy abnormal cells
• Excision - the cancer cells and a margin of normal appearing skin around the cancer is removed
• Vulvectomy - surgical removal of part of all of the tissues of the vulvar
• Radiation therapy
• Chemotherapy

• Radiotherapy
• Chemotherapy
• Pancreatic Cancer
• Spinal Cord Tumors … etc

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