Optical Internal Urethrotomy (OTU) - (Endoscopic Surgery)

Optical Internal Urethrotomy (OTU), also known as endoscopic urethrotomy, is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat urethral strictures (narrowing of the urethra) by directly visualizing and cutting or dilating the narrowed area of the urethra using a specialized tool. The procedure is performed with the aid of an endoscope, a thin, flexible tube with a camera that allows the surgeon to view the urethra and surrounding tissues.

The primary goal of OTU is to restore normal urinary flow in patients suffering from urethral strictures, which can occur in both men and women. These strictures can be caused by injury, infection, inflammation, or congenital defects, and they can lead to a range of symptoms, including urinary retention, painful urination, or difficulty in passing urine.

Unlike traditional open surgeries, endoscopic urethrotomy is performed through a small incision or natural opening (in this case, the urethra), making it a less invasive option that requires shorter recovery times and carries fewer risks.

The need for Optical Internal Urethrotomy (OTU) is generally due to urethral strictures, which are caused by various factors. Urethral strictures can occur when the tissue in the urethra scars and narrows, leading to an obstruction. Here are the common causes and risk factors that may lead to urethral strictures, and subsequently, the need for OTU:

Physical trauma to the urethra during accidents, catheterization, or surgical procedures (such as prostate surgery or circumcision) can cause scarring, resulting in a urethral stricture.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs), balanitis (inflammation of the head of the penis), and urethritis (inflammation of the urethra) can lead to scarring and narrowing of the urethra.

Some individuals are born with narrowing of the urethra due to congenital defects. This can result in urinary flow issues that require surgical intervention.

Long-term catheter use or repeated catheter insertions for medical procedures can cause injury or scarring in the urethra, leading to stricture formation.